Lunes, Setyembre 10, 2012
Fillers in Conversation
Posted by Teacher Shane | Lunes, Setyembre 10, 2012 | Category:
Speaking Lesson
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Fillers in conversation (used only in speaking)
um, uh, yeah, I mean, I guess, you know, ok, oh, so, well
"Ok, um, I'll begin with number 9." = "I'll begin with number 9."
"Well, I guess the problem is that I'm tired." = "The problem is that I'm tired."
"Yeah, I mean, I understand what you're saying." = "I understand what you're saying."
"She's, uh, she's not here right now." = "She's not here right now."
Reduced Forms (used only in speaking or very informal writing)
doing = doin How are you doing? = How are you doin?
want to = wanna I want to leave now. = I wanna leave now.
do you want to = wanna Do you want to go? = Wanna go?
want a = wanna We want a cat. = We wanna cat.
wants to = wansta She wants to read. = She wansta read.
going to = gonna I'm going to wait. = I'm gonna wait.
got to = gotta I've got to go. = I gotta go.
have to = hafta Do I have to? = Do I hafta?
has to = hasta He has to work. = He hasta work.
don't know = dunno I don't know why. = I dunno why.
kind of = kinda He kind of likes you. = He kinda likes you.
lot of = lotta I need a lot of paper. = I need a lotta paper.
could have = coulda / couldav They could have gone. = They coulda gone.
should have = shoulda / shouldav I should have left already. = I shoulda left already.
would have = woulda / wouldav He would have paid. = He woulda paid.
might have = mighta / mightav She might have said yes. = She mighta said yes.
must have = musta / mustav Mike must have lied. = Mike musta lied.
should have = shoulda / shouldav I should have left already. = I shoulda left already.
would have = woulda / wouldav He would have paid. = He woulda paid.
might have = mighta / mightav She might have said yes. = She mighta said yes.
must have = musta / mustav Mike must have lied. = Mike musta lied.
give me = gimme Give me that pen. = Gimme that pen.
let me = lemme Let me go! = Lemme go!
get you = getcha I'll get you a plate. = I'll getcha a plate.
got you = gotcha Don't worry, I got you. = Don't worry, I gotcha.
bet you = betcha I bet you he's late. = I betcha he's late.
don't you = doncha Don't you like it? = Doncha like it?
got you = gotcha Don't worry, I got you. = Don't worry, I gotcha.
bet you = betcha I bet you he's late. = I betcha he's late.
don't you = doncha Don't you like it? = Doncha like it?
what are you = whaddaya / whatcha What are you doing? = Whaddaya doin?
and = n She and I are talking. = She n I are talkin.
them = em Don't touch them! = Don't touch em!
you = ya See you later. = See ya later.
your / you’re = yer You're his sister? = Yer his sister
Comparison is the change in form of an adjective to indicate an increasing or decreasing degree of quantity and quality.
1.Positive degree
We use the positive degree of comparison when we do not make any particular comparison. Thus, we only state the actual quantity or quality.
The story is long .
Kate is a good singer.
Our class president is responsible.
2.Comparative degree
One – syllable adjectives and a few with more than two syllables add er. Those that end in –y change –y to i and add –er. A single final consonant when preceded by a single accented vowel is doubled.
Clean – cleaner
slim - slimmer
Pretty – prettier
thin - thinner
A novel is longer than an essay.
Joy is a better singer than Kate.
Ricky is more responsible than Rolly.
3.Superlative degree
The superlative degree of an adjective is the formed by adding –est or by using most.The comparative with more or less forms the superlative by using most or least.
tall - taller - tallest
expensive- more expensive - most expensive
This is the longest story that I have read.
Vernice is the best singer in the class.
He was voted as the most responsible club member.
Exercise:
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective in the parentheses.
1. How would you like to be a _______ (free) bird?
2. A free bird is _______ (happy) than a bird inside a cage.
3. Many people are like a bird in a cage because they are _______ (sad)
4. They envy those who have _______ (colorful) lives than theirs.
5. They wish they , too, could live an _______ (independent) life.
6. For them, not being free is the _______ (bad) predicament there is.
7. There is no _______ (good) achievement than being able to do what you want.
8. Man, by nature, desires to live a _______ (comfortable) life.
9. They hope to give their children a ______ (secured) future.
10. Everyone should strive to attain a _______ (well-deserved) happiness.
1.Positive degree
We use the positive degree of comparison when we do not make any particular comparison. Thus, we only state the actual quantity or quality.
Kate is a good singer.
Our class president is responsible.
2.Comparative degree
One – syllable adjectives and a few with more than two syllables add er. Those that end in –y change –y to i and add –er. A single final consonant when preceded by a single accented vowel is doubled.
slim - slimmer
Pretty – prettier
thin - thinner
Joy is a better singer than Kate.
Ricky is more responsible than Rolly.
3.Superlative degree
The superlative degree of an adjective is the formed by adding –est or by using most.The comparative with more or less forms the superlative by using most or least.
expensive- more expensive - most expensive
Vernice is the best singer in the class.
He was voted as the most responsible club member.
Exercise:
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective in the parentheses.
1. How would you like to be a _______ (free) bird?
2. A free bird is _______ (happy) than a bird inside a cage.
3. Many people are like a bird in a cage because they are _______ (sad)
4. They envy those who have _______ (colorful) lives than theirs.
5. They wish they , too, could live an _______ (independent) life.
6. For them, not being free is the _______ (bad) predicament there is.
7. There is no _______ (good) achievement than being able to do what you want.
8. Man, by nature, desires to live a _______ (comfortable) life.
9. They hope to give their children a ______ (secured) future.
10. Everyone should strive to attain a _______ (well-deserved) happiness.
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